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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*yna- face="Times New Roman Star"to trust, rely on face="Times New Roman Star"äîâåðÿòü, ïîëàãàòüñÿ íà face="Times New Roman Star"yna-n- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"yna-n- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ynan- face="Times New Roman Star"nen- face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 654-656, VEWT 165 (cf. also *yn-gaj 'direction'). Turk. *yna-k > WMong. inag| (see TMN 2, 219, Ùåðáàê 1997 , 163). face="Times New Roman Star"*sarga- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 a plant which grows in damp places 1 a plant growing in saline grounds face="Times New Roman Star"1 ðàñòåíèå, æèâóùåå âî âëàæíûõ ìåñòàõ 2 ðàñòåíèå, æèâóùåå íà ñîëîí÷àêàõ face="Times New Roman Star"sarg|an 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"sarg|an, sarg|an qamys? 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"saraGan 'ñêóìïèÿ (êóñòàðíèê)' face="Times New Roman Star"? surúx s@lli 'îâñÿíèêà îâå÷üÿ' (? Äìèòðèåâà 1988 , 42; lit. 'sheep oats') face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 849, VEWT 403. Cf. also *siar/ 'reed' (in Oghuz languages, see under *siar/ 'marsh' - perhaps a contamination), as well as some forms dealt with under *sarymsak (v. sub *sera ). face="Times New Roman Star"*samala ? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"tar face="Times New Roman Star"äåãîòü face="Times New Roman Star"samla, samala (MA , AH , CCum .) face="Times New Roman Star"súw|mala face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 399. It is also worth noting Bashk. humalaq 'lump of clay' and Tat. sumala 'tar' (possibly < Chuv.). Ôåäîòîâ 2, 23-24. The word is attested quite late and is usually regarded as borrowed < Russ. ñìîëà. This might be true, but let us note that no other Russian words were hitherto discovered in Chagatai. face="Times New Roman Star"*TVbVr- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"second face="Times New Roman Star"âòîðîé face="Times New Roman Star"Bulg. tvirem face="Times New Roman Star"teb@r, teb@rew face="Times New Roman Star"Chuv. -b- is secondary, on analogy with p@w|rem 'first'. face="Times New Roman Star"*ja:p face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"canal, ditch face="Times New Roman Star"êàíàë face="Times New Roman Star"jap (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jo|p face="Times New Roman Star"ja:p face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ap face="Times New Roman Star"z?ap face="Times New Roman Star"z?ap face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 187, ÝÑÒß 4, 129 (with suggestion of an Iranian source: Khwar. ya:b 'water'). face="Times New Roman Star"*jom- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 big number, quantity, all 2 to come together, assemble face="Times New Roman Star"1 áîëüøîå ÷èñëî, êîëè÷åñòâî, âñå 2 ñîáèðàòü(ñÿ) face="Times New Roman Star"jomg|y (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jomg|y (MK ) 1, jomyt- (MK ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jumus?- 2 (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jomut- 2 (Houts. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jumyt-, jumut- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jom-, jomul-, jumul- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 935, ÝÑÒß 4, 219-220. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyr- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 pest, epidemic 2 mischief 3 archenemy face="Times New Roman Star"1 ÷óìà, ýïèäåìèÿ 2 íåñ÷àñòüå 3 çàêëÿòûé âðàã face="Times New Roman Star"qyr (jag|y) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"kyran 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qiran 2 face="Times New Roman Star"Gyr (dus?man) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"kyr (o"sto":x) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 265, ÝÑÒß 6, 224. Cf. also PT *Kurul- 'to have cramps' (VEWT 304). face="Times New Roman Star"*Kyp- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 spark 2 ashes face="Times New Roman Star"1 èñêðà 2 çîëà face="Times New Roman Star"qypqyn 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xybyn 1,2 face="Times New Roman Star"qybyn 1, qybyr 2 face="Times New Roman Star"kybyan 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qypyn 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qypqyn 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 263, 265, Ëåêñèêà 369, ÝÑÒß 6, 223. face="Times New Roman Star"*o"g- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to praise 2 to rejoice face="Times New Roman Star"1 õâàëèòü 2 ðàäîâàòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"o"g- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.), o"gir- 2 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"o"g- 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"o"g|-, o"v- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"o"w- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"o":ru"- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"o":r- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"o"v- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 100, 113, VEWT 369, ÝÑÒß 1, 494-495, Stachowski 251. face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"kelek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"gad-fly face="Times New Roman Star"îâîä face="Times New Roman Star"bo"ja"la"k face="Times New Roman Star"bo"kelek face="Times New Roman Star"bu"gu"lex, bu"gu"je face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 2, 212-213, Ëåêñèêà 185. face="Times New Roman Star"*Al/u face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"red clay, ochre face="Times New Roman Star"êðàñíàÿ ãëèíà face="Times New Roman Star"as?u (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"as?y, dial. as?u, as?ur, Osmanli as?u face="Times New Roman Star"as?y (AH 6) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 30, EDT 256, Ëåêñèêà 376. face="Times New Roman Star"*supy face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 conus-shaped 2 oval, long face="Times New Roman Star"1 êîíóñîîáðàçíûé 2 îâàëüíûé, ïðîäîëãîâàòûé face="Times New Roman Star"suby 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"subu, suby (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"su.po|q 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sopaj 'long person', sopaq 'conus-shaped cylinder' face="Times New Roman Star"sopaq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sopaq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 784-785. Turk. > WMong. subag|, Kalm. sow@g|, KW 332). Cf. also Tur. sopa 'big stick'. face="Times New Roman Star"*bAs-kyc? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"stairway face="Times New Roman Star"ëåñòíèöà face="Times New Roman Star"basqyz?| (Chag.) face="Times New Roman Star"pasxys face="Times New Roman Star"basqys? face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 2, 77 (usually derived < *bas- 'to press, trample'). face="Times New Roman Star"*c?A:ka face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"new-born child face="Times New Roman Star"íîâîðîæäåííûé ðåáåíîê, äåòåíûø face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|a (dial.); c?ag|a 'young of birds' (Old Osm. XIV c.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|a face="Times New Roman Star"c?aqa (Pav. C. ), (Xwar. ) c?aqa 'young of birds' (Ôàçûëîâ 2, 511) face="Times New Roman Star"c?aqalo|q, (Tashk.) c?aqa face="Times New Roman Star"bala-c?aqa 'children' (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ag|a face="Times New Roman Star"c?a:Ga face="Times New Roman Star"bala-c?aqa 'children' face="Times New Roman Star"qyzyl s?aqa 'quite naked (of young of animals)' face="Times New Roman Star"bala-s?ag|a 'children' face="Times New Roman Star"qyzyl s?aqa 'quite naked (of young of animals)' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 96, Ìåíãåñ 1979 , 170. face="Times New Roman Star"*c?y:gan/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 poor 2 mischief 3 impolite, rough face="Times New Roman Star"1 áåäíûé 2 áåäà, íåñ÷àñòüå 3 ãðóáûé, íåó÷òèâûé face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|an/ (Orkh.), c?yg|aj (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|aj (MK ), c?yg|an (MK - Argu) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|aj, c?yg|an (dial.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|aj (R ), c?yg|an (R, Pav. C. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sa:j 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?a:j 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?yjyr 2 (with an unexplained -r) face="Times New Roman Star"c?yg|yn 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 107, EDT 408-409, Ëåêñèêà 334. Chuv. c?uxan 'poor' may be of different origin (cf. an aberrant reflex of *g), cf. c?ux 'mediocre', c?uxú 'poor' ( < *jok?). face="Times New Roman Star"*Kac?- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"slanting face="Times New Roman Star"êîñîé face="Times New Roman Star"kac?yk face="Times New Roman Star"qaz|aj- (Sib.) face="Times New Roman Star"xaz?|y-, xasxax 'bent backward' face="Times New Roman Star"qazyr- 'to bend' face="Times New Roman Star"xos/- 'to bend' face="Times New Roman Star"xaz?yj-tyr face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 217, Àøì. XVI, 242-246. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kej- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to go away face="Times New Roman Star"óõîäèòü face="Times New Roman Star"kaj- face="Times New Roman Star"Attested only in Chuvash; PT antiquity is dubious. face="Times New Roman Star"*o"rt- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to cover face="Times New Roman Star"ïîêðûâàòü face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt- face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt- (AH ), o"ru"t- (Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt- face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt- face="Times New Roman Star"vit- face="Times New Roman Star"jo"rt- face="Times New Roman Star"o"rt- face="Times New Roman Star"o"xt- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 202, VEWT 375, ÝÑÒß 1, 551-552, Åãîðîâ 55, Ôåäîòîâ 127. The suffixless root *o"r- may be found (see ÝÑÒß ibid.) in Chag. o"r- 'be covered' (Abush.); cf. also Tur. dial. o"rek 'blanket, covering'. face="Times New Roman Star"*gen|ir/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"nasal cavity face="Times New Roman Star"ïîëîñòü íîñà face="Times New Roman Star"geniz face="Times New Roman Star"ga"niz, ga"nzik face="Times New Roman Star"gen|z-ew 'nasal' face="Times New Roman Star"ken|eri: 'bridge of nose' face="Times New Roman Star"ken|ilz?|er face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 27, Ëåêñèêà 216. face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)arync?-g|a face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 ant 2 tick face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìóðàâåé 2 êëåù face="Times New Roman Star"qarync?aq (MK : Oghuz) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"karynz?|a 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qarync?g|a (Sangl. , Qutb .), qarync?a (Houts. ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"Garys?g|a 1 face="Times New Roman Star"Garynz?|a 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xarc?yx 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qarymz?|e| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 662, VEWT 238, ÝÑÒß 5, 323, Ëåêñèêà 184. Turk. > Kalm. xac?ig (KW 173) 'irgendeine Made in der Nase des Kamels' (or is it rather < Turk. qatqyc??).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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